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Ozone Applications

1,4-Dioxane removal with ozone A New Formulation Based on Ozonated Sunflower Seed Oil: In Vitro Antibacterial and Safety Evaluation AOP Agri-Food Processing Air Treatment Antibacterial Activity of Ozonized Sunflower Oil, Oleozón, Against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Antifungal Activity of Olive Oil and Ozonated Olive Oil Against Candida Spp. and Saprochaete Spp. Aquaculture BTEX Remediation under Challenging Site Conditions Using In-Situ Ozone Injection and Soil Vapor Extraction Technologies: A Case Study BTEX removal with ozone Beef (Red Meat) Processing with Ozone Benzene Body Odors Bottled Water Cannabis Catalytic Ozonation of Gasoline Compounds in Model and Natural Water in the Presence of Perfluorinated Alumina Bonded Phases Clean in Place (CIP) Combined Ozone and Ultrasound for the Removal of 1,4-Dioxane from Drinking Water Cooling Tower Cost Effectiveness of Ozonation and AOPs for Aromatic Compound Removal from Water: A Preliminary Study Create your own Ozonated Oils Dairy Farms Degradation of tert-Butyl Alcohol in Dilute Aqueous Solution by an O3/UV Process Drinking Water Drinking Water Disinfection E.coli O157:H7 Reduction with Ozone Effectiveness of Ozone for Inactivation of Escherichia coli and Bacillus Cereus in Pistachios Efficiency of Ozonation and AOP for Methyl-tert-Butylether (MTBE) Removal in Waterworks Ethylbenzene Evaluation of Ozone AOP for Degradation of 1,4-Dioxane Exploring the Potential of Ozonated Oils in Dental Care Exploring the Potential of Ozonated Oils in Hair Care Fire Restoration Food Odors Force Main Treatment Germicidal Properties of Ozonated Sunflower Oil Grain Treatment Groundwater Remediation Hoof Bath Hydroponic Greenhouses In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Ozonated Sunflower Oil against Antibiotic-Resistant Enterococcus faecalis Isolated from Endodontic Infection Influence of Storage Temperature on the Composition and the Antibacterial Activity of Ozonized Sunflower Oil Insect Control in Grains Kinetic Analysis of Ozonation Degree Effect on the Physicochemical Properties of Ozonated Vegetable Oils Laundry Laundry Listeria Inactivation with Ozone MTBE removal with ozone Machine Coolant Tanks Measurement of Peroxidic Species in Ozonized Sunflower Oil Mitigation strategies for Salmonella, E. coli O157:H7, and Antimicrobial Resistance Throughout the Beef Production Chain Mold Removal in Grain Mold/Mildew Odors Municipal Water Treatment Mycotoxin Reduction in Grain Nanobubbles Odor Removal Oxidation of Methyl tert-Butyl Ether (MTBE) and Ethyl tert-Butyl Ether (ETBE) by Ozone and Combined Ozone/Hydrogen Peroxide Oxidize Tannins from Water with Ozone Oxy-Oils Ozonated Oils Ozonated Ice & Fish Storage Ozonated Mineral Oil: Preparation, Characterization and Evaluation of the Microbicidal Activity Ozonated Oils: Nature's Remedy for Soothing Bug Bites Ozonated Olive Oil Ozonated Olive Oil Enhances the Growth of Granulation Tissue in a Mouse Model of Pressure Ulcer Ozonated Olive Oil with a High Peroxide Value for Topical Applications: In-Vitro Cytotoxicity Analysis with L929 Cells Ozonation Degree of Vegetable Oils as the Factor of Their Anti-Inflammatory and Wound-Healing Effectiveness Ozonation of Soluble Organics in Aqueous Solutions Using Microbubbles Ozone Gas and Ozonized Sunflower Oil as Alternative Therapies against Pythium Insidiosum Isolated from Dogs Ozone Inactivation of E.Coli at Various O3 Concentrations and Times Ozone Regulations in Food Processing Ozone Regulations in Organic Food Production Ozone in Air Applications Ozone in Sanitation Ozone in Seafood Processing Ozone use for Post-Harvest Processing of Berries Ozone use for Surface Sanitation on Dairy Farms Pet Odors Physico-chemical Characterization and Antibacterial Activity of Ozonated Pomegranate Seeds Oil Pool & Spa Proinflammatory Event of Ozonized Olive Oil in Mice RES Case Studies Resolution Concerning the Use of Ozone in Food Processing Spectroscopic Characterization of Ozonated Sunflower Oil Stability Studies of Ozonized Sunflower Oil and Enriched Cosmetics with a Dedicated Peroxide Value Determination Study of Ozonated Olive Oil: Monitoring of the Ozone Absorption and Analysis of the Obtained Functional Groups Study of Ozonated Sunflower Oil Using 1H NMR and Microbiological Analysis Surface Sanitation TBA Removal with ozone Teat Wash Tobacco Odors Toluene Treatment of Groundwater Contaminated with 1,4-Dioxane, Tetrahydrofuran, and Chlorinated Volatile Organic Compounds Using Advanced Oxidation Processes Treatment of groundwater contaminated with gasoline components by an ozone/UV process Ultra-Pure Water Utilization of Ozone for the Decontamination of Small Fruits Various Antimicrobial Agent of Ozonized Olive Oil Vertical Farming with Ozone Waste Water Treatment Water Re-use Water Treatment Water Treatment Well Water Treatment Xylene

TBA Removal with ozone

tert -ytyl alcohol (TBA) oxidation via ozone is widely used in remediation applications using either in-situ or ex-situ methods.  TBA is fully oxidized by ozone leaving trace levels of by-products that are also fully oxidized by ozone to carbon dioxide, water, and formate.  

TBA

 

TBA is used as a solvent and ingredient in some paint removal chemicals, more commonly TBA is used as a compound for MTBE and ETBE used as oxygenates in gasoline.  The most common source of TBA contamination in groundwater is a result of gasoline contamination.  TBA is also created as MTBE breaks down naturally or from oxidation in groundwater. 

TBA can be oxidized from water by ozone when found alone, or as a result and in combination with MTBE.  As many of the sites we have dealt with are contaminated with both TBA and TBA most of the case studies and literature shown here will show both TBA and MTBE removal via ozone.

 

Ozone is commonly used for  MTBE oxidation in groundwater via in-situ oxidation.  This is common as MTBE is rapidly oxidized with ozone directly in the aquifer.  However, as MTBE is oxidized TBA is formed at close to a stoichiometric rate.  TBA oxidizes slower than MTBE bud does oxidize completely over time.  See chart directly below for a great example:

MTBE removal from water with ozone create TBA

 

Image from: Chemical Oxidation of MTBE and TBA

 The chart above shows a great example of TBA production from MTBE oxidation.  In this test initial levels of TBA in water were near zero.  MTBE was oxidized quickly via ozone with TBA creation as the by-product.  TBA was also oxidized from water via ozone, but at a much slower rate.

 

Our Results:

We have used ozone for TBA and MTBE removal for both in-situ and pump-and-treat applications with great success.  TBA oxidation is completed quickly and completely with ozone.  We have found no benefit to the addition of H2O2 with this process, other than to aid in the oxidation of other compounds that may be found with the TBA and MTBE.

Pump-and-Treat Pilot Test:

The chart shown below was generated based on data obtained from a pump-and-treat pilot test performed by a customer of ours.  This shows the removal of TBA and MTBE in a pump-and-treat pilot test.  

MTBE removal in water with ozone

 

This water was contaminated with a large amount of MTBE with some TBA and a small amount of TAME.  As MTBE does break down naturally into TBA over time, it is common to find levels of TBA in combination with MTBE prior to remedial action taken.  These results show that the TAME was removed from the first sample taken.  The MTBE was removed rapidly converting to TBA at a near stoichiometric rate.  TBA was also removed over time from this water.  Small amounts of acetone and Methyl Acetate were also produced as by-products.  These are both fully oxidized from water with ozone over time. 

For full details on this test and full results, please contact our office. 

 

In-Situ Remediation:

For in-situ chemical oxidation applications, we offer a variety of systems and options.  Complete turn-key trailers are commonly used.  We also offer modular system to allow the end-user to install the system in an existing enclosure on-site.  This may be helpful for a retrofit, or to lower costs by using existing infrastructure.  

In these applications, ozone is produced as a gas from oxygen.  This ozone is pushed through tubing to the bottom of a well and diffused at the bottom of the well in the water table.  Ozone will dissolve into water in an area around each well treated breaking down the TBA in that area.  The ozone system will normally treat multiple wells on a single site by switching between wells periodically.  As ozone has a half-life and will continue to break-down TBA after sparging is shut-off there is added benefit to treating 15 wells with a system that has the capability of sparging to only 5 wells at a time.  

Pilot systems are also available for In-situ remediation for short-term tests.  We currently have ozone trailers available for these applications

  

Pump and Treat:

This refers to any system that will treat water in a flow or process.  We offer ozone injection systems that are typically skid mounted to be installed in existing infrastructure.  A standard ozone water system will consist of an ozone generator that generates ozone from oxygen, an ozone injection pump and venturi to dissolve ozone gas efficiently into water and an ozone mixing tank to allow ozone gas time to dissolve into water, while off-gassing excess ozone from the process. 

Very little contact time is required for TBA reduction in water.  What is needed is sufficient contact time to fully oxidize TBA and other potential by-products produced from TBA oxidation.  Exact ozone dosage rate, contact time, and technology used should be based upon the levels of TBA in water and the other potential contaminants found in the water. 

Pilot test systems are available, we can also provide bench-scale testing services to determine if ozone is a viable option for your water.  

 

Technical Documents:

Below is a series of papers and documents outlining practical and laboratory success in the elimination of TBA from water using ozone, or ozone AOP processes.