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Ozone Applications

1,4-Dioxane removal with ozone A New Formulation Based on Ozonated Sunflower Seed Oil: In Vitro Antibacterial and Safety Evaluation AOP Agri-Food Processing Air Treatment Antibacterial Activity of Ozonized Sunflower Oil, Oleozón, Against Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Antifungal Activity of Olive Oil and Ozonated Olive Oil Against Candida Spp. and Saprochaete Spp. Aquaculture BTEX Remediation under Challenging Site Conditions Using In-Situ Ozone Injection and Soil Vapor Extraction Technologies: A Case Study BTEX removal with ozone Beef (Red Meat) Processing with Ozone Benzene Body Odors Bottled Water Cannabis Catalytic Ozonation of Gasoline Compounds in Model and Natural Water in the Presence of Perfluorinated Alumina Bonded Phases Clean in Place (CIP) Combined Ozone and Ultrasound for the Removal of 1,4-Dioxane from Drinking Water Cooling Tower Cost Effectiveness of Ozonation and AOPs for Aromatic Compound Removal from Water: A Preliminary Study Create your own Ozonated Oils Dairy Farms Degradation of tert-Butyl Alcohol in Dilute Aqueous Solution by an O3/UV Process Drinking Water Drinking Water Disinfection E.coli O157:H7 Reduction with Ozone Effectiveness of Ozone for Inactivation of Escherichia coli and Bacillus Cereus in Pistachios Efficiency of Ozonation and AOP for Methyl-tert-Butylether (MTBE) Removal in Waterworks Ethylbenzene Evaluation of Ozone AOP for Degradation of 1,4-Dioxane Exploring the Potential of Ozonated Oils in Dental Care Exploring the Potential of Ozonated Oils in Hair Care Fire Restoration Food Odors Force Main Treatment Germicidal Properties of Ozonated Sunflower Oil Grain Treatment Groundwater Remediation Hoof Bath Hydroponic Greenhouses In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Ozonated Sunflower Oil against Antibiotic-Resistant Enterococcus faecalis Isolated from Endodontic Infection Influence of Storage Temperature on the Composition and the Antibacterial Activity of Ozonized Sunflower Oil Insect Control in Grains Kinetic Analysis of Ozonation Degree Effect on the Physicochemical Properties of Ozonated Vegetable Oils Laundry Laundry Listeria Inactivation with Ozone MTBE removal with ozone Machine Coolant Tanks Measurement of Peroxidic Species in Ozonized Sunflower Oil Mitigation strategies for Salmonella, E. coli O157:H7, and Antimicrobial Resistance Throughout the Beef Production Chain Mold Removal in Grain Mold/Mildew Odors Municipal Water Treatment Mycotoxin Reduction in Grain Nanobubbles Odor Removal Oxidation of Methyl tert-Butyl Ether (MTBE) and Ethyl tert-Butyl Ether (ETBE) by Ozone and Combined Ozone/Hydrogen Peroxide Oxidize Tannins from Water with Ozone Oxy-Oils Ozonated Oils Ozonated Ice & Fish Storage Ozonated Mineral Oil: Preparation, Characterization and Evaluation of the Microbicidal Activity Ozonated Oils: Nature's Remedy for Soothing Bug Bites Ozonated Olive Oil Ozonated Olive Oil Enhances the Growth of Granulation Tissue in a Mouse Model of Pressure Ulcer Ozonated Olive Oil with a High Peroxide Value for Topical Applications: In-Vitro Cytotoxicity Analysis with L929 Cells Ozonation Degree of Vegetable Oils as the Factor of Their Anti-Inflammatory and Wound-Healing Effectiveness Ozonation of Soluble Organics in Aqueous Solutions Using Microbubbles Ozone Gas and Ozonized Sunflower Oil as Alternative Therapies against Pythium Insidiosum Isolated from Dogs Ozone Inactivation of E.Coli at Various O3 Concentrations and Times Ozone Regulations in Food Processing Ozone Regulations in Organic Food Production Ozone in Air Applications Ozone in Sanitation Ozone in Seafood Processing Ozone use for Post-Harvest Processing of Berries Ozone use for Surface Sanitation on Dairy Farms Pet Odors Physico-chemical Characterization and Antibacterial Activity of Ozonated Pomegranate Seeds Oil Pool & Spa Proinflammatory Event of Ozonized Olive Oil in Mice RES Case Studies Resolution Concerning the Use of Ozone in Food Processing Spectroscopic Characterization of Ozonated Sunflower Oil Stability Studies of Ozonized Sunflower Oil and Enriched Cosmetics with a Dedicated Peroxide Value Determination Study of Ozonated Olive Oil: Monitoring of the Ozone Absorption and Analysis of the Obtained Functional Groups Study of Ozonated Sunflower Oil Using 1H NMR and Microbiological Analysis Surface Sanitation TBA Removal with ozone Teat Wash Tobacco Odors Toluene Treatment of Groundwater Contaminated with 1,4-Dioxane, Tetrahydrofuran, and Chlorinated Volatile Organic Compounds Using Advanced Oxidation Processes Treatment of groundwater contaminated with gasoline components by an ozone/UV process Ultra-Pure Water Utilization of Ozone for the Decontamination of Small Fruits Various Antimicrobial Agent of Ozonized Olive Oil Vertical Farming with Ozone Waste Water Treatment Water Re-use Water Treatment Water Treatment Well Water Treatment Xylene

CT Value

CT Value – What is it?

CT Value is a common term used to quantify disinfection dosage rates in water. CT refers to Concentration of the disinfectant in water and the exposure time of that disinfectant. Or can be communicated as Concentration over Time, C/T = final CT value.

In the world of ozone “CT” is the product of “residual disinfectant concentration” (C) in mg/l of ozone, and the corresponding “disinfectant contact time” (T) in minutes. It is important to note the ozone concentration should be measured at the end of a contact tank, or loop to determine the ozone concentration present. In other words, for ozone CT, it is the dissolved ozone concentration multiplied by the contact time.

(remember that 1 mg/l = 1 PPM)

Quick Examples:

1 mg/l Ozone residual for 1-minute of time = CT of 1

2 mg/l Ozone residual for 1-minute of time = CT of 2

1 mg/l Ozone residual for 1-minutes of time = CT of 2

Some sanitizing treatments with ozone can be accomplished very quickly, but some treatments will require sufficient ozone in the water along with a sufficient contact time. This contact time is required for the dissolved ozone to oxidize organic contaminants and to disinfect the water.

This CT value is assumed to be a constant, but either the C can be held constant while the T is varied, or visa-versa, to assure a given level of disinfection is obtained.

For example, if a drinking water disinfection plant requires a CT value of 1.6. This actually means the dosage rate is 1.6 mg/l minutes. The operator has a choice of ozonating at 0.2 PPM for 8 minutes or 0.4 PPM for 6 minutes. It is up to them as long as the final dosage rate is 1.6.

Expert Fact:
You may have heard the claim, “ozone is 3,000x more germicidal than Chlorine”. What does this mean?

This statement hinges on the fact that for some organisms, you need a CT value 3,000x higher when using chlorine vs. ozone. Put another way, if a dissolved ozone level of 0.2 mg/l for 1 minute (CT – 0.2) is needed to inactivate a specific microorganism, you will need 200 PPM of chlorine for 3 minutes (CT = 600) to achieve the same kill effect.

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